Crafting Captivating Paragraphs: Understanding, Structure, and Types

Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,

In this occasion, I will share a little material about paragraphs. Hopefully, it will be beneficial :)

Understanding Paragraphs

A paragraph, often referred to as an 'alinea,' is a part of a discourse consisting of a set of sentences that refer to one topic (Semi, 1990:55; Arifin, 1993:113; Djajasudarma, 1994:64; Finoza, 2004:149).

Paragraph Structure

A paragraph consists of a topic sentence and several supporting sentences. The topic sentence contains the main idea or main topic of the paragraph, while the supporting sentences explain or support the main idea of the paragraph. The sentences in the paragraph must be related to each other (Arifin, 1993:121; Finoza, 2004:151).

Types of Paragraphs

A. Types of Paragraphs According to the Position of the Topic Sentence

1. Deductive Paragraph
A deductive paragraph presents the main issue at the beginning of the paragraph.

2. Inductive Paragraph
An inductive paragraph presents the main issue at the end of the paragraph.

3. Deductive-Inductive Paragraph
It is a paragraph that presents the main issue at the beginning and end of the paragraph.

4. Full Topic Sentence Paragraph
All sentences become topic sentences because all sentences in the paragraph are equally important, and there are no specific sentences that become the topic sentence.

B. Types of Paragraphs According to Their Content

1. Persuasive Paragraph
A persuasive paragraph promotes something by influencing or persuading the reader.

2. Argumentative Paragraph
An argumentative paragraph discusses one issue with evidence or reasons that support it.

3. Narrative Paragraph
A narrative paragraph contains the narration of events or situations in the form of a story.

4. Descriptive Paragraph
This paragraph contains the description of something using language.

5. Expository Paragraph
This paragraph contains the exposition of certain facts or events.


C. Types of Paragraphs According to Their Function in the Composition

1. Opening Paragraph
The opening paragraph contains the purpose or main aspects of the composition. The opening paragraph should function to deliver the main discussion points, attract the reader's interest and attention, and transfer the reader's thoughts to understand the entire composition.

2. Developing Paragraph
This paragraph aims to develop the main discussion points formulated in the opening paragraph.

3. Closing Paragraph
The closing paragraph contains the conclusion of the composition or summary of the entire composition. The closing paragraph is intended to end the composition or part of the composition.

I hope this is helpful. If there are any mistakes in the writing or delivery of the material, I apologize. Thank you :)

Source:
Nadra. 2007. Penuntun Penulisan Karya Ilmiah. Andalas University Press.

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